The city is universally known for its enormous historic, artistic, landscape and its substantial stylistic unity of the urban medieval, as well as for the famous Palio.

For these merits, in 1995 its historic center was awarded by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. In the city the seat of the Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, founded in 1472 and therefore the oldest bank in business as well as the longest in the world.

According to legend, Romulus sent his captain to win Camellio Senio, supposed son of Remus and founder of a settlement of Saenae; Camellio, for its part, founded the nucleus of Cammollia [7]. Instead, the nearby village of Brenna (Sovicille), according to tradition, named after the famous chief of the Brenno Gauls, who reached the region after being expelled from Rome in the early fourth century BC. The historical documents describe to us instead of Siena founded as a Roman colony at the time of the Emperor Augustus, known as Saena Iulia. Within the historic center of Siena were found sites of Etruscan, which may suggest the founding of the city by the Etruscans.

The first known document which mention the Siena community dates back to the 70 and bears the signature of Tacitus that, in the fourth book of the Historiae, reports the following incident: Sen. Manlio Patruito told in Rome that he was mistreated and ridiculed with a mock funeral during his official visit to Saena Iulia, small military colony of Tuscia. The Roman Senate decided to punish the main culprits and to strictly recall the senesi to a greater respect for authority.